{"id":4922,"date":"2024-02-09T15:54:15","date_gmt":"2024-02-09T15:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/?page_id=4922"},"modified":"2025-08-19T17:47:38","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T17:47:38","slug":"world-war-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/history\/world-war-2\/","title":{"rendered":"2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sava\u015f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>
\u00a0<\/div>

Nazi Almanyas\u0131
<\/strong>D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hollanda, Adolf Hitler liderli\u011findeki Nazi Almanyas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irildi. Alman birlikleri 1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi i\u015fgal etti ve k\u0131sa bir sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Hollandal\u0131lar teslim oldu. \u0130\u015fgal 1945'e kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve Hollanda halk\u0131 i\u00e7in zor bir d\u00f6nemdi. Rotterdam \u015fehri bombard\u0131manlarla yerle bir edildi. Hollandal\u0131lar sava\u015fmay\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve krali\u00e7e \u0130ngiltere'ye ka\u00e7t\u0131.

Yahudilerin Durumu
<\/strong>Hitler, Avrupa'n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Yahudileri su\u00e7lad\u0131. Yahudilerin haklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131, hapishanelere konuldu ve kamplara g\u00f6nderildi. Bu kamplarda bir\u00e7o\u011fu gaz odalar\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ya da hastal\u0131k ve a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Baz\u0131 Yahudiler saklanan insanlar olarak bilinen gizli yerlerde sakland\u0131. Toplamda alt\u0131 milyon Yahudi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.

Nihayet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck
<\/strong>Sava\u015f, az yiyecek ve so\u011fuk havayla birlikte zorluklar getirdi. Yahudilere yard\u0131m eden herkes cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Hitler Rusya'y\u0131 da fethetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak sert k\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 Alman askerleri i\u00e7in bunu zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Amerika, Kanada, \u0130ngiltere ve Rusya gibi \u00fclkeler Almanya'ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015ft\u0131. 1945'te Almanya yenildi ve 5 May\u0131s'ta Hollanda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015ftu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Anne Frank<\/strong><\/h3>

Anne Frank, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Amsterdam'da ya\u015fayan Yahudi bir k\u0131zd\u0131. O ve ailesi, Yahudileri toplay\u0131p toplama kamplar\u0131na g\u00f6nderen Naziler taraf\u0131ndan yakalanmamak i\u00e7in 1942 y\u0131l\u0131nda saklanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Anne ve ailesi, 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda ihanete u\u011fray\u0131p Naziler taraf\u0131ndan yakalanmadan \u00f6nce iki y\u0131l boyunca gizli bir ek binada ya\u015fad\u0131. Anne 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Almanya'daki bir toplama kamp\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc.

\u00dcnl\u00fc g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc
<\/strong>Saklan\u0131rken tuttu\u011fu g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha sonra yay\u0131mland\u0131 ve Holokost vah\u015fetinin ki\u015fisel ve dokunakl\u0131 bir anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sunarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00e7ok okunan kitaplar\u0131ndan biri haline geldi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Anne Frank<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sel felaketi 1953<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesinden sonra<\/strong><\/h3>
\u00a0<\/strong><\/div>

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'n\u0131n 1945'te sona ermesinin ard\u0131ndan Hollanda yeniden in\u015fa ve imar d\u00f6nemine girmi\u015ftir. \u00dclke sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 tahrip olmu\u015f ve vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f ya da yerlerinden edilmi\u015fti. Ancak Hollanda halk\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa etmeye kararl\u0131yd\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015f yard\u0131m ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet programlar\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00fclke toparlanmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.

Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem Hollanda'da \u00f6nemli sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere sahne oldu. \u00dclke, sosyal refaha ve modern bir refah devletinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde odaklanarak daha m\u00fcreffeh ve geli\u015fmi\u015f bir hale geldi. 1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir felaket ya\u015fand\u0131. \u00dclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00f6zellikle de Zeeland eyaleti sular alt\u0131nda kald\u0131. 1800'den fazla insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bunun ard\u0131ndan setler g\u00fc\u00e7lendirildi ve yeni barajlar yap\u0131ld\u0131 (projeye Delta-plan ad\u0131 verildi).

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler'e Kat\u0131lmak
<\/strong>Hollanda ayn\u0131 zamanda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler ve di\u011fer uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlere kat\u0131larak uluslararas\u0131 toplumda aktif bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.

Takip eden y\u0131llarda Hollanda, uyu\u015fturucu politikas\u0131, \u00f6tenazi ve e\u015fcinsel evlilik gibi sosyal konulara y\u00f6nelik liberal ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc tutumlar\u0131yla tan\u0131nd\u0131.

NATO'ya Kat\u0131lmak
<\/strong>Hollanda NATO \u00fcyesidir. Bir \u00fclke NATO'ya kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ad\u0131 verilen bir grubun \u00fcyesi olur. NATO, Kuzey Amerika ve Avrupa \u00fclkelerinden olu\u015fur. NATO'nun temel amac\u0131 birbirlerini savunmak ve korumak i\u00e7in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle askeri bir \u00f6rg\u00fctt\u00fcr.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden gelen insanlar<\/strong><\/h3>
\u00a0<\/div>

1970, yeni g\u00f6\u00e7menler
<\/strong>1970 civar\u0131nda ekonomi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Hollandal\u0131lar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken pek \u00e7ok i\u015fi yapmak istemiyordu. T\u00fcrkiye ve Fas'tan bu i\u015fi yapmaya istekli insanlar getirildi. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlere \"misafir i\u015f\u00e7i\" ad\u0131 verildi. Bir\u00e7o\u011fu geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc ama bir\u00e7o\u011fu da kald\u0131. Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle Rotterdam ve Lahey gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde n\u00fcfusun yap\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu da gerginliklere yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bug\u00fcnlerde Hollanda'ya girmek olduk\u00e7a zor. Sivil Entegrasyon Yasas\u0131 2007'den beri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir.

Avrupa Birli\u011fi'nden \u0130nsanlar
<\/strong>Avrupa Birli\u011fi vatanda\u015flar\u0131na seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6rne\u011fin Polonya ve Romanya'dan \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi \u00fclkeye giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Polonya'dan bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bir\u00e7o\u011fu Polen'den gelen Misafir \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdevam etmek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

War World War II \u00a0 Nazi GermanyDuring World War II, the Netherlands was taken over by Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler. German troops invaded the country in 1940, and after a short fight, the Dutch surrendered. The occupation lasted until 1945, and it was a difficult time for the Dutch people. The city of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3258,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4922","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4922"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4922\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6358,"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4922\/revisions\/6358"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mijn-lo.nl\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}